不用剪刀也能创作窗花？
上海爷叔教你“撕”出新春祝福！
Creating Spring Festival Window Decorations Without Scissors? A Shanghai Grandpa Teaches You How to “Tear” Out New Year Blessings!
新年临近，上海长宁区的非遗传承人华兴富正忙碌着。他不用剪刀，仅凭一双手和一张红纸，就“撕”出了数百匹形态各异的骏马，骏马踏着祥云和元宝在指尖诞生——这是上海非遗撕纸艺术的独特魅力。As the New Year approaches, Hua Xingfu, an inheritor of intangible cultural heritage from Shanghai’s Changning District, is keeping himself busy. Without scissors, and with just a pair of hands and a piece of red paper, he “tears” out hundreds of horses in various forms. These horses gallop across auspicious clouds and golden ingots, born right at his fingertips—this is the unique charm of Shanghai’s paper-tearing art.
这些马儿有的昂首奋蹄，有的脚踏祥云，身旁点缀着元宝、莲花和游鱼，每一幅作品都蕴含着对新春的满满祝福。
Some of these horses raise their heads proudly, while others step on clouds, with golden ingots, lotus flowers, and swimming fish surrounding them. Each piece is filled with warm New Year wishes.
不用剪刀也能创作窗花？
Creating Window Decorations Without Scissors?
你可能见过剪纸，但听说过“撕纸”吗？在上海，有一种独特的非遗技艺——撕纸，它不用任何工具，全凭手指的力道与巧思，就能创作出精美的艺术品。
You may be familiar with paper cutting, but have you ever heard of “paper tearing”？ In Shanghai, there’s a unique intangible cultural heritage craft—paper tearing. This technique requires no tools, relying solely on the strength and ingenuity of the fingers to create exquisite art.
华兴富是上海市非物质文化遗产剪纸(撕纸)代表性传承人。他最近完成了《骏马奋蹄福临门》等马年主题作品。这些作品严格遵循撕纸艺术“一张纸一次成形”的核心技法，不画图、不修改、不拼贴，全凭指尖功夫。
Hua Xingfu is a representative inheritor of Shanghai’s intangible cultural heritage in paper cutting (and paper tearing). Recently, he completed a series of works themed around the Year of the Horse, including Galloping Horses Bring Blessings to Your Door. These works strictly follow the core technique of paper tearing: “one sheet of paper, one creation”. No sketches, no modifications, no collage—just the skill of the fingertips.
一匹骏马是如何从一张完整的红纸上“撕”出来的？华兴富有个朗朗上口的口诀：“马头似桶在上面，马身二蛋放中间，要奔要跑八字开，马鬃马尾飘起来。”这句口诀不仅是他创作经验的浓缩，也是让零基础学员快速上手的“秘诀”。
How Does a Galloping Horse “Tear” Out of a Single Sheet of Red Paper? Hua Xingfu has a catchy little mantra for this: “The horse’s head is like a bucket, placed at the top; the horse’s body, like two eggs, is in the middle; to run or gallop, form an ‘eight’ shape; let the mane and tail flutter。” This mantra not only encapsulates his creative experience but also serves as a “secret” to help beginners quickly grasp the technique.
从2025年4月开始，华兴富就开始为丙午马年做准备，反复推敲马匹的姿态细节，构思了数百张设计图。最终完成的每幅作品都融入了丰富的中国传统吉祥元素：彩云寓意祥瑞，牡丹承载富贵，飞鸽传递和平，元宝与钱币寄托日子蒸蒸日上的期盼。
Starting in April 2025, Hua Xingfu began preparing for the Year of the Horse, carefully refining the posture details of the horses and sketching hundreds of design drafts. The final works incorporate rich traditional Chinese auspicious elements: colorful clouds symbolize good fortune, peonies represent wealth, flying doves convey peace, and golden ingots and coins express hopes for prosperity.
海派剪纸有什么特别之处？
What Makes Shanghai Paper Cutting Special?
除了撕纸，上海的传统窗花和灶花也很有特色。你可能不知道，老上海民居厨房的装饰画叫做“灶花”，它是画在灶头短墙上的图案。
In addition to paper tearing, Shanghai’s traditional window and stove decorations also stand out. You may not know this, but the decoration on old Shanghai kitchen walls is called “stove flowers”， a pattern painted on the short walls around the stove.
过去无论是大户人家还是普通百姓，都喜欢用灶花美化厨房。过年时的灶花特别有年味，常画五谷丰登、六畜兴旺等讨口彩的场景。
In the past, both wealthy families and commoners liked to beautify their kitchens with stove flowers. During the New Year, these stove flowers often depicted scenes of abundant harvests and thriving livestock, bringing good fortune.
灶花的绘制方法也很特别——采用的是湿壁画法。就是在灶头砌好后，趁灶山上粉刷的石灰还没干时立即作画。颜料能渗透进粉层，之后随着灶火烘烤和自然挥发，灶山渐干，上面的画作就能保持几十年不变形。
The creation of stove flowers is also quite unique—done using the “wet wall painting” technique. After the stove wall is built, artists would immediately paint while the lime on the wall was still wet. The pigment would seep into the plaster, and as the stove dried out under heat, the artwork would stay intact for decades without distortion.
而上海窗花则融入了海派剪纸的风格。上海剪纸诞生于上世纪，常出现在民间窗花、门笺、鞋花、绣花样上。经过近百年的演变，形成了与众不同的海派风格。
Meanwhile, Shanghai’s window decorations are infused with the distinctive style of Shanghai paper cutting. Originating in the 20th century, Shanghai paper cutting often appears in folk art like window flowers, door plaques, shoe patterns, and embroidery designs. Over nearly a century, it has evolved into a style that’s distinctly Shanghai.
海派剪纸既有北方剪纸的粗犷大气，又有南方剪纸的细腻流畅，以简练、夸张、装饰性强为突出特点。随着时代发展，海派剪纸还大胆运用山水画中的写意手法，把书画和剪纸融合在一起，堪称一绝。
Shanghai paper cutting blends the boldness of northern styles with the delicacy of southern styles, marked by simplicity, exaggeration, and strong ornamental elements. As time has progressed, Shanghai paper cutting has boldly incorporated elements from landscape painting, merging calligraphy, painting, and paper cutting into a unique form of art.
指尖非遗的时尚变奏
The Fashion Variation of Intangible Cultural Heritage at Your Fingertips
如今，海派剪纸与撕纸的艺术基因，已跃出纸面，深度融入上海乃至全国的时尚创意产业。其标志性的镂空线条、吉祥纹样与极简美学，正成为设计师的灵感库——不仅化身国际秀场上的服装印花、潮流配饰的立体结构，更通过灯光雕塑、数字交互装置等新媒体形式，重塑空间叙事。
Today, the artistic genes of Shanghai-style paper cutting and torn paper art have transcended the paper surface, deeply integrating into the fashion and creative industries, both in Shanghai and nationwide. Their iconic hollowed-out lines, auspicious patterns, and minimalist aesthetics have become a wellspring of inspiration for designers. These traditional motifs are not only transformed into fabric prints and three-dimensional structures in fashion collections at international runway shows but are also reshaping spatial narratives through new media forms like light sculptures and digital interactive installations.
这场传统手工艺的“时尚变奏”，不仅赋予非遗以当代审美与实用价值，更彰显了上海文化“守正创新”的鲜活生命力，让古老技艺在现代生活中持续绽放光彩。
This “fashionable variation” of traditional craftsmanship not only brings intangible cultural heritage into the realm of contemporary aesthetics and practicality but also highlights the vibrant vitality of Shanghai’s culture of “staying true to tradition while innovating”， allowing ancient techniques to continue to shine in modern life.
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编辑：李秋莹
