提到恐龙，很多朋友脑海中浮现的名字多半来自北美或欧洲——霸王龙、三角龙、梁龙，个个响亮。但你知道吗？在中国的广袤大地上，同样埋藏着一条波澜壮阔的“恐龙家谱”。在上海自然博物馆举办的“龙吟九州·中国恐龙大展”，汇集了国内各大自然博物馆的“镇馆之宝”级藏品，从侏罗纪早期一直到白垩纪晚期，几乎铺开了一幅中国恐龙演化的全景图。
When we think of dinosaurs, names like Tyrannosaurus, Triceratops, or Brachiosaurus—mostly from North America or Europe—often spring to mind. But did you know that China’s vast lands also hide a sweeping “family tree” of dinosaurs? The Roar of the Dragons: China Dinosaur Exhibition at the Shanghai Natural History Museum brings together some of the nation’s most prized specimens, showcasing a panorama of Chinese dinosaurs from the Early Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous.
两位“中国籍”明星恐龙
Two “Homegrown” Dinosaur Stars
禄丰龙——中国恐龙的“起点”
Lufengosaurus—The Starting Point of Chinese Dinosaur Research
云南禄丰，侏罗纪初期。这里出土了我国自行发现、自行发掘并完整装架的第一具恐龙化石——许氏禄丰龙。它体长七八米，植食为生，论体型算不上恐龙家族里最出众的那一类，但它的地位却格外特殊：它是中国恐龙研究史上的“001号”。1958年，我国还专门发行过一枚禄丰龙纪念邮票，这也是全世界第一枚恐龙主题邮票。当年地质工作者在禄丰盆地挥锹动土的画面，不经意间便叩开了中国恐龙世界的大门。
Yunnan Province, Early Jurassic. Here, China unearthed its first dinosaur fossil discovered, excavated, and fully mounted entirely by Chinese scientists: Lufengosaurus huenei. Measuring seven to eight meters long, it was herbivorous and modest in size compared to other dinosaur giants. Yet its historical significance is enormous: it is literally “Dinosaur No. 001” in Chinese paleontology. In 1958, China even issued a commemorative stamp featuring Lufengosaurus—the first dinosaur-themed postage stamp in the world. The image of geologists digging in the Lufeng Basin inadvertently opened the door to China’s dinosaur world.
马门溪龙——脖颈修长的“东方巨龙”
Mamenchisaurus—The Long-Necked “Eastern Giant”
四川、重庆一带，侏罗纪中晚期。如果走进自然博物馆，看见一具脖颈几乎占据身体一半长度的巨型骨架，那多半就是合川马门溪龙了。它的颈椎数量多达19节，全长可达22米，是目前已知世界上脖子最长的恐龙之一。不妨想象这样的场景：一亿多年前的四川盆地，湖泊相连，植被丰茂，一群长颈巨兽静立于浅水之中，缓缓咀嚼着蕨类植物的嫩叶，脖颈扬起时足有三四层楼那般高。那是属于巴蜀大地的远古巨物。
Sichuan and Chongqing, Middle to Late Jurassic. Step into a natural history museum and you might be struck by a skeleton whose neck accounts for nearly half its body length. That’s almost certainly Mamenchisaurus. With 19 cervical vertebrae and a total length of up to 22 meters, it ranks among the longest-necked dinosaurs ever discovered. Imagine the scene over 100 million years ago: lakes connected across the Sichuan Basin, lush vegetation, and a herd of long-necked giants standing in shallow waters, slowly munching on fern leaves, their necks rising as high as a three- or four-story building. These were the true ancient behemoths of the Bashu region.
上海，与恐龙的另一种缘分
Shanghai’s Unique Connection to Dinosaurs
上海有没有恐龙呢？实事求是地讲，上海地区的地层相对年轻，在恐龙横行的中生代，这里还是一片汪洋，因此至今未曾出土过恐龙化石。但这并不代表上海与恐龙毫无关联。不妨换一个视角来看——
Did dinosaurs ever roam Shanghai? Realistically, no. The region’s geological layers are relatively young, and during the Mesozoic Era, the area was submerged under water. No dinosaur fossils have been found here. But Shanghai still has a strong connection to dinosaurs—if you look at it differently.
位于静安雕塑公园内的上海自然博物馆，馆藏的棘龙模型与化石便是极有分量的展品。棘龙，背上竖着巨大“帆状”脊突、体型甚至超过霸王龙的顶级掠食者，在许多恐龙爱好者心中拥有极高的地位。
At the Shanghai Natural History Museum in Jing’an Sculpture Park, specimens like the Spinosaurus model and fossils are highlights of the collection. Spinosaurus, a top predator with massive sail-like spines on its back and a size even surpassing Tyrannosaurus, holds a legendary status among dinosaur enthusiasts.
更有意味的是，上海自然博物馆正门大厅内那具标志性的恐龙骨架，恰恰就是来自四川的马门溪龙。它跨越千里，从巴山蜀水来到黄浦江畔，成为一代代上海孩子认识恐龙的第一位“老师”。因此不妨说，上海虽没有恐龙的根，却实实在在地承载着恐龙的魂。
Perhaps even more symbolic is the museum’s centerpiece skeleton in the main hall: a Mamenchisaurus from Sichuan. Transported across a thousand miles from the Bashu region to the banks of the Huangpu River, it has become the “first teacher” introducing generations of Shanghai children to dinosaurs. So while Shanghai may lack the roots of dinosaur history, it undeniably carries their spirit.
走遍中国恐龙“五大江湖”
Touring China’s Dinosaur “Five Great Regions”
“龙吟九州·中国恐龙大展”，它最大的亮点是按时间和地理串起了中国恐龙的全景图：
The Roar of the Dragons: China Dinosaur Exhibition excels in presenting a chronological and geographic panorama of Chinese dinosaurs:
侏罗纪早期，云南禄丰动物群登场，开启中国恐龙时代序幕。
Early Jurassic, Yunnan Lufeng Fauna: The curtain rises on China’s dinosaur era.
侏罗纪中晚期，四川、重庆的巨龙们开始“内卷”，比谁的脖子更长、身体更壮。
Middle to Late Jurassic, Sichuan and Chongqing: Giant dinosaurs compete in length of neck and bulk.
侏罗纪晚期，新疆准噶尔盆地，一群截然不同的恐龙在戈壁边缘称霸。
Late Jurassic, Junggar Basin, Xinjiang: A strikingly different group of dinosaurs dominates the Gobi edge.
侏罗纪晚期到白垩纪早期，辽宁西部和内蒙古东部，这里出土了震惊世界的带羽毛恐龙，直接改写了鸟类起源的教科书——原来有些恐龙，悄悄长出了翅膀。
Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, western Liaoning and eastern Inner Mongolia: Feathered dinosaurs that stunned the world are discovered, rewriting textbooks on the origin of birds—some dinosaurs quietly grew wings.
白垩纪时期，河南、浙江、江西、山东，恐龙家族开枝散叶，遍布神州。
Cretaceous, Henan, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Shandong: The dinosaur family branches out across China.
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编辑：谢梦圆
